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  Policy     Registration offering     Price Information     Domain name registries     Appendix A     Appendix C     Appendix B     Appendix D     Appendix E     Appendix F     Appendix G     Appendix H    

FAQ for NORID

Frequently Asked Questions

  1. Why should we apply for our own domain name?
  2. Who can apply for a domain name?
  3. What should we not apply for?
  4. What should we do before applying for a domain name?
  5. How do we register a domain name?
  6. Why must the application form be filled out according to the guidelines?
  7. How much does it cost to register a domain name?
  8. How do I proceed to register my organization in the Br?nn?ysund register?
  9. How do we register a domain name under other top-level domains?
  10. How do I get an IP-address?
  11. What is DNS?
  12. Why must we maintain registered data?
  13. How do we handle changes?
  14. How much does it cost to make changes in the registration?
  15. Where can I go to discuss current name policy?
  16. I read about NORID that...
  17. May I have a list of all domain names in Norway ?
  18. What is the rules concerning the downloading of data from the whois-database ?
  19. Why can't I have a domain name with ????

1) Why should we apply for our own domain name?

A domain name should uniquely identify an organization on the Internet. A domain name identifies the organization as a whole and will thus be a part of e-mail addresses for persons inside the organization, URL's for the organization's web pages, etc.

2) Who can apply for a domain name?

To quote the name policy:

3.1 The applicant must represent or be a part of an organization that is registered as such within Norway, see 2.2. The registration number (Br?nn?ysundregistrene) for the organization must ordinarily be included with the application. Divisions under an organisation can not register separate domain names.

3.2 The organization must have a physical presence and an address in Norway or Svalbard.

This means the applicant must be an organization to get a domain under .no. To identify the organization you are applying for, we need the organization's registration number (from the Br?nn?ysund registry). If the organization is not registered in Br?nn?ysund, its existence should be documented (through copies of by-laws e.g.). The organization needs to fullfill certain requirements to be registered in Br?nn?ysund. More information concerning these requirements can be found at http://oss.brreg.no/.

Additionally the organization needs to have an address in Norway or Svalbard. If your organization only exists outside Norway, you may not register a domain under .no.

Do not despair if you do not represent an organization. Private persons may register domains under the category domain .priv.no. KPNQwest Norway AS administers the .priv.no domain.

3) What should we not apply for?

You apply for a domain name for your organization. The domain name should consist of the full name, partial name or a well-known abbreviation of that organization.

NORID would like you to note since the prevailing name policy was not set until fall 1995, there will be some registrations which do not fulfill today's requirements. These registrations do not give any argument for giving exceptions from current regulations.

It is not necessary to have an own domain name in order to put out information about an organization and its products. Search machines on the World Wide Web look for titles and contents of documents, not domain names. If one should only put out information on the web, using catalog structure on the internet provider's own web server can be easily done. It will look like this: http://www..no//

As a general rule, one should not apply for registration of brand names, products or trademarks which don't have anything to do with the organization's own name. Exceptions can be made if the organization is only known by a product

One should not apply for fine URLs for its web servers. The domain name identifies organizations and nothing else.

One should not apply for subdomains under a domain one already has registered. In other words, if one has registered the domain [domain].no one should not apply to NORID for registration of [subdomain].[domain].no. After one has registered [domain].no, one is free to set up any necessary subdomains. This does not involve NORID in any way.

IP addresses are applied for from others, see point 10.

4) What should we do before applying for a domain name?

One should think through and be sure that one really wants an own domain name. It is important that one becomes familiar with the name policy as well as read the guidelines for the application forms carefully. Then one should think thoroughly over what domain name is desirable. Before registering a domain name one must sign a statement declaring that the domain name does not infringe on other persons rights to the name.

Since we do not have any reservation list, no domain name is registered before it can actually be used. In other words, everything must be in technical order on the applicant's end before an application is processed. It is therefore necessary to get an Internet provider before applying for a domain name.

NORID does not have the capacity or opportunity to give an individual advice regarding configuration of name servers; this is also the same regarding changes!

5) How do we register a domain name?

All applications for a domain name under .no must be sent in by a registrar. NORID's list of registrars is published at http://www.norid.no/registrar/registrarliste_eng.html

6) Why must the application form be filled out according to the guidelines?

The reason for the application having to be filled out exactly according to the instructions is that NORID is increasingly using automated processing of the application forms sent in. The large number of applicants forces this. It is consequently in everyone's interest that an application form is filled out correctly and completely.

Applications which do not contain a correct application form, or which is incorrectly filled or contains missing information, will be rejected. Such applications will be returned to the registrar.

7) How much does it cost to register a domain name?

See price information for more details about the cost of registering a domain name under .no.

Changing a domain name is not treated as a change but as a new registration and will be billed as such.

Note that when you apply for a domain name via a registrar, it is highly probable that they will ask for a higher payment than the amount NORID bills the registrar. This is because the registrar must do a lot of work in connection with registration for you, both technical and administrative. Registrars are free to price as they wish regarding procurement of and forwarding domain applications.

8) How do I proceed to register my organization in the Br?nn?ysund register?

To be registered in Br?nn?ysund the organization needs to fullfill certain requirements. More information concerning these requirements can be found at http://oss.brreg.no/. NB! it is not neccessary to call your organization name no to be allowed to register a domain name under .no.

9) How do we register a domain name under other top-level domains?

Look at NORID's list over registration services around the world. Name policy and application forms vary from top-level domain to top-level domain. NORID only processes applications for registration under .no

10) How do I get an IP-address?

Today one has the following three alternatives for getting an IP-address:
A) Use of RFC 1918 addresses
If several firms are going to communicate with this type of address, they must naturally ensure they are coordinated internally, such that they avoid address conflicts. One way of reducing the probability of such address conflicts is to use a randomized address distribution inside of RFC 1918 blocks, such that not everyone starts on for example 192.168.1.1. This is a relationship which does not concern those connected to the global Internet.

B) Get IP-addresses through a service provider
Tjenesteleverand?rer vil kunne ha ulike betingelser for tildeling Service providers will be able to allow various requirements for distribution of IP addresses as long as they follow the rules from RIPE. RIPE's rules in this area are specified in the RIPE Document 104.

C) Act as own local registration authority for IP addresses
One can set up an own local registration authority, and get allocated for further distribution of a block with IP addresses from RIPE. This is dependent on willingness to cover the costs to RIPE, and furthermore follow the rules regarding distribution. See RIPE's own information. UNINETT served as a so-called Last Resort Registry for distribution of IP addresses in Norway until 01.01.96. In other words those who had need for globally unique IP addresses but were not able to get such through a service provider, received these addresses through UNINETT. This arrangement is now discontinued. The main reason for this is:

  • Those who get globally unique IP addresses in this way are not willing to contribute to the costs of distribution. Both UNINETT and RIPE have costs in connection with distribution of IP addresses.

  • The need for globally unique IP addresses not be connected to the global internet is no longer present in the same way as in the past, because as of today there three large address-series explicitly reserved for private internet:

       10.0.0.0 -  10.255.255.255
     172.16.0.0 -  172.31.255.255
    192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255
    
    This is in accordance with RFC 1918 - "Address Allocation for Private Internets".

11) What is DNS?

DNS (Domain Name System) is the Internet service which connects different names together with machine numbers from the Internet and thereby makes it possible to send information to the right place on the net. DNS functions purely as a distributed database spread over many machines, so-called name server machines.

For problem-free use of all Internet services, it is important that all machines in the local net which serve Internet users are correctly registered in DNS. It is consequently necessary with an organized operations cooperation between the responsible part for local operations on the one end and the Internet provider on the other.

The following protocol and standards apply:

If you have general questions regarding DNS, this book is recommended:
"DNS and BIND - 2nd Edition" av Paul Albitz & Cricket Liu, O'Reilly & Associates Inc, ISBN 1-56592-236-0, published January 1997.

Also see the following news groups:

  • comp.protocols.dns.bind
  • comp.protocols.dns.ops
  • comp.protocols.dns.std
  • comp.protocols.tcp-ip.domains (this group has its own FAQ which can be useful)

12) Why must we maintain registered data?

All registrations of domain names are done in accordance with current domain name policy. In order for NORID to be able to ensure that the requirements set in the name policy are lived up to, all given data in registering must be maintained. This applies to both administrative data, such as the name of the administrative contact person, and technical data, for example name server information.

NORID is dependent on being able to reach the administrative contact person when necessary. Such a need can for arise when solving technical or administrative problems, or when conflicts with regard to domain names arise.

It is the organization itself, through the administrative contact person, which is responsible for keeping NORID's registered information on its domain name up-to-date and correct.

13) How do we handle changes?

Look at the name policy chapter 10 for a closer description of the procedures for changing previously registered information about a domain name.

Note that a change of the domain name itself is treated as a new registration. Ordinary application forms are sent in, and the applicants are billed for these.

Configuration of new name server(s) will be checked, and changes will not be made before the configuration is consistent/correct.

14) How much does it cost to make changes in the registration?

NORID does not bill the registrar for processing changes. Note that changing a domain name is not treated as a change but as a new registration and will therefore be processed and billed as such.

Please note that even if NORID does not bill the registrar for processing changes, it is probably that the registrar will invoice you for the work the registrar has to do in connection with a change.

15) Where can I go to discuss current name policy?

NORID has set up an open discussion list for those who wish to discuss NORID's rules, work methods and practice, and possible changes of these. The goal is to give a forum for an open and free discussion around how domain name registration in Norway goes and should go.

NORID will listen to comments which come on the list but will not promise to participate in the discussion or put any special consideration on whatever may come up.

Anyone can take part in the list; this is done by sending an e-mail to norid-diskusjon-request@uninett.no, with the word "subscribe" in the body of the mail. Follow the instructions which are returned.

16) I read about NORID that...

Sometimes newspaper articles about NORID contains some factual faults. NORID have made a webpage that refer to the articles and contains the correct information. This page is in Norwegian (as the articles so far is in Norwegian).

17) May I have a list of all domain names in Norway ?

NORID har some guidelines for how the information that is collected through the domain name applications should be treated and presented. This is reflected in the design of the whois-database. Using this database one may check whether a specific name has been registered, but we do not give out lists over all domain names under .no, and do not allow people to download our database.

Lists of all registered domains are a godsend for those who wishes to map their competitor's domain name strategy, or wishes to do bulk emailing (spam) and will therefore not be given out for the .no domain.

18) What is the rules concerning the downloading of data from the whois-database ?

The registered information for each domain name registered under .no is made available on the Internet by registering the domain and contact persons in NORID's whois database. The intention is that this will function as an aid in solving problems related to the domain, and as contact information.

The information is collected with the consent of the contact persons explicitly for this use. The information is only made available via the whois database. No listings of domain names etc. will be given out.

All commercial uses of the registered information, including targeted marketing, is not allowed.

Downloading whole or significant parts of the database constitutes a violation of NORID's copyright rights and is not allowed. Such downloading also violates the EU's database directive and may conflict with Norwegian laws concerning privacy. This applies independently of whether the information is stored in another form than the original database, whether non-electronic storage is used, and whether the information is forwarded immediately. NORID will prosecute illegal downloading of the database.

19) Why can't I have a domain name with ????

Domain names where originally expected to restrict themselves to the characters A-Z and a-z, the numbers (0-9) and the dash (-). This is the assumption made when programming all software that uses domain names (email programs, web browsers, name servers etc.). There is no good technical solutions available on how to add extra characters (like ???) to the domain name without causing different kinds of major and minor failures. The technical problems are not trivial as DNS needs to be working identically all over the world. Ideally we want a solution that does not require a major update of all name servers in the world, and that takes care of all the applications that uses domain names as well. Unfortunately such solutions doesn't just pop up, we're talking years, not weeks until a proper solutin can be found and implemented.

IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) is currently working on this. In addition a lot of different commercial companies has produced a solution that works i limited areas (At the moment there is about 13 different solutions which none of them works globally). NORID feels that it is important that domain names under .no does work all over the world, and that the domain name holders should be able to trust that email will reach their adresses independent of nationality or operating system of the sender. We will therefor not implement ??? in norwegian domain names before a global method for doing so has been found.

For more information of IETF, and the process of introducing additional characters to domain names look at: http://ietf.org/html.charters/idn-charter.html


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